INTEL Processor s -i3 vs i5 vs i7 Sandy Bridge comparison

Specifications

Product Name

Core i3-2100

Core i5-2500k

Core i7-2600

Price

$124.99

$219.99

$299.99

# of Cores

2

4

4

# of Threads

4

4

8

Clock Speed

3.1 GHz

3.3 GHz

3.4 GHz

Max Turbo Frequency

n/a

3.7 GHz

3.8 GHz

Cache

3 MB

6 MB

8 MB

Bus/Core Ratio

31

33

34

System Bus

5 GT/s

5 GT/s

5 GT/s

Instruction Set

64-bit

64-bit

64-bit

Lithography

32 nm

32 nm

32 nm

Max TDP

65 W

95 W

95 W

Memory Specifications

Max Memory Size

32 GB

32 GB

32 GB

Memory Types

DDR3-1066/1333

DDR3-1066/1333

DDR3-1066/1333

# of Memory Channels

2

2

2

Max Memory Bandwidth

21 GB/s

21 GB/s

21 GB/s

Graphics Specifications

Processor Graphics

Yes

Yes

Yes

Graphics Model

Intel® HD Graphics 2000

Intel® HD Graphics 3000

Intel® HD Graphics 2000

Intel® Quick Sync Video

Yes

Yes

Yes

Intel® InTru™ 3D Technology,

Yes

Yes

Yes

Intel® Insider™

Yes

Yes

Yes

Intel® Wireless Display

No

No

No

Intel® Flexible Display Interface (Intel® FDI)

Yes

Yes

Yes

Intel® Clear Video HD Technology

Yes

Yes

Yes

Dual Display Capable

Yes

Yes

Yes

Expansion Options

PCI Express Revision

2.0

2.0

2.0

Advanced Technologies

Intel® Turbo Boost Technology

No

2.0

2.0

Intel® vPro Technology

No

No

Yes

Intel® Hyper-Threading Technology

Yes

No

Yes

Intel® Virtualization Technology (VT-x)

Yes

Yes

Yes

Intel® Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O (VT-d)

No

No

Yes

Intel® Trusted Execution Technology

No

No

Yes

AES New Instructions

No

Yes

Yes

Intel® 64

Yes

Yes

Yes

Idle States

Yes

Yes

Yes

Enhanced Intel SpeedStep® Technology

Yes

Yes

Yes

Thermal Monitoring Technologies

Yes

Yes

Yes

Intel® Fast Memory Access

Yes

Yes

Yes

Intel® Flex Memory Access

Yes

Yes

Yes

Execute Disable Bit

Yes

Yes

Yes


How can a chartered accountant help you?

 How can a chartered accountant help you?
r if u are  chartered accountant the what's role of u....?
British royal charter of the nineteenth century coined the term "chartered accountant" that grew widely in the British Commonwealth and the concept is ruling the whole world now. In U.S, accountants are commonly known as "certified public accountants," whereas in Canada, they are either known as "certified management accountants" or "certified general accountants. In UK and India these professionals are known as chartered accountants only.



It is a difficult task to hire an individual chartered accountant or chartered accountant firm India for your business. But the fact is that it does pay to hire a chartered accountant even if you are in a small business. These accounting professionals can help you minimize your business costs and negotiate the minefield of complex financial rules that exist around your business.



If you want to understand how a chartered accountant can help you in your financial matters and what an accountant can do for you, then this article can be of great help. Lets find out:-



A good accountant can help you with a number of things, including:



Planning your taxes.

A chartered accountant can provide you with the right advice in producing financial reviews and reports in a running business. Most of the people think of chartered accountants to facilitate them with just taxation services but in practice there are so many other financial matters like setting up finance and bookkeeping systems, general accounting services as well as negotiating leases that are provided by the accountants.



Planning your business.

Every accountant who is an expert in his niche will also act as a business consultant. Through their ability as an accountant they can tell you if business decisions make sense or not, and how to make changes to pricing and cash flow. Often, an accountant is the most trusted business advisor you will have.



Client/Business Networking

Chartered accounts usually have a large network of clients and financial advisories through which they can help you by putting you in touch with potential clients or business partners. You may need financing, and your accountant may know someone who is look to invest, and can help put the two of you together. It's better to form a kind of intimacy with your chartered accountant as he/she may even be able to refer new customers to you. If you pick an auditing consulting firm with the right connections then you will surely benefit from this.



The practices have revolutionized and the businesses have undergone a vast change from yesteryear. In the present scenario it had become vital for companies and individuals to hire someone whom they to rely on for logical business advice. Chartered Accountants or a business advisory company are the only ones to show you clear path through the muddle of the modern business world.
source:

total details about ca............

Chartered Accountancy : Examination & Course Detail


Chartered Accountancy : Examination & Course Detail


CA programme is of two years apart from the training period. It has three sections, Competency Professional Test (CPT), Professional Competency Course (PCC) and Professional Competency Examination, the Final examination.

The entrance Examination for the Charted accountants, Competency Professional Test, CPT that was earlier known as Professional Education exam PE1 is conducted by the institute once in a quarter. The four-hour examination paper of 400 marks consists of four subjects namely fundamentals of accounting, mercantile law, general economics and quantitative attitudes. Minus mark is also applicable in the examination.

Competency Professional Test (CPT)

Anyone who has a 10 + 2 can enroll for the Competency Professional Test (CPT). A student who have passed the 10th examination can also register with CPT but could write the exam only after the Plus Two examination. Duration of the course is 10months. Graduates who doesn't have the request percentage of marks have to do the Competency Professional Test . The registration for CPT is open throughout the year. A student may register at any time during the year. The exam will be held twice a year in May and November. Students have to ensure their registration at least 10 months before the examination. The application for regi stration should reach the office of the institute on or before 30th of June and for November Examination on or before 31st December of the preceding year.



A candidate is declared successful in Competency Professional Test (CPT), if he/she secures an aggregate of 50% of the total marks in all the papers subject to a minimum of 40% marks in each paper.

Subjects for Professional course I

Paper 1- Fundamentals of Accounting
Paper 2 - Mathematics & Statistics
Paper 3 -  Economics
Paper 4 - Business Communication and Organization and Management

Registration for Competency Professional Test (CPT)

Eligible candidates have to forward their application for registration along with a crossed demand draft for the requisite amount (registration and tuition fee) drawn in favour of Secretary, The Institute of Chartered Accounts of India payable at the respective places where the Offices of the Institute are located.

Professional Competency Course (PCC)

The CA Programme is mainly divided into Professional Competency Course and Final course. After completing the CPT or graduation with required marks one can go for Professional Competency Course (PCC). The registration for PCC is open throughout the year. A student may register at any time during the year. The exam will be held twice a year in May and November, it is necessary that a student must register at least ten months before the examinations.

Subjects for Professional Competency Course (PCC)
The Professional Competency Examination has two groups that consists of three papers each (i.e total 6 papers) and each paper consist 100 marks each.

Group I
Paper 1 -  Accounting
Paper 2 - Auditing
Paper 3 - Business and Corporate  Laws

Group II
Paper 4 - Cost Accounting and Financial Management
Paper 5 - Income Tax & Central Sales Tax
Paper 6 - Information Technology

The student should get 40% mark minimum with an aggregate of 50% in a group. Along with PCE one has to under go 100 hours training in Information Technology, i.e the computer training programme as specified by the council. The candidate can register as an articled clerk with a firm of chartered accountants for undergoing practical training and simultaneously as a student with the Board of Studies for theoretical education. The candidate is a trainee for a period of three years. During this period he gets thorough knowledge of the various fields in which a Chartered Accountant can render services. During this period the articled clerk will also need to continue studies for the CA exam.

Final Course
The candidate could register as a final student and write the final exam once they passed the PCE and the Information Technology training. The final examination also has similar type of papers of two groups, four papers each

Subjects for Final Course

Group I
Paper 1 - Advanced Accounting
Paper 2 - Management Accounting & Financial Analysis
Paper 3 - Advanced Auditing
Paper 4 - Corporate Laws & Secretarial Practice

Group II
Paper 5 - Cost Management
Paper 6 - Management Information and Control Systems
Paper 7 - Direct Taxes
Paper 8 - Indirect Taxes

The person should get minimum of 40% mark with an aggregate of 50% in a group and once the final examination and article ship completed, the Charted accountant should under go a communication and management course that would help him for better communication. On successful completion of the Final examination one becomes the member of the Institute. Member of the Institute may either practice as a Chartered Accountant on his own or go for employment.

Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNO) has entered in an agreement with the Institute of Charted Accountants of India to conduct a B.Com course for CA student. Those who are enrolling as CA student, can go for B.Com course of IGNO, where they need not write all the papers, they will have certain exemption. They will get a guaranteed graduation along with they do the CA course.

Note : To register for the exams, one has to send the application to the institutes regional centers. Various paper wise exemptions are available.

source :

Why are chartered accountants the most demanded professionals in any industry?

Why are chartered accountants the most demanded professionals in any industry?

The modern day financial challenges that the individuals and businesses face in the today's world can be met with the help of financial consultants also called as charted accountants. Chartered accountants are the financial professionals who have the responsibilities to manage activities like tax auditing, business laws, corporate financial governance, general accounting services, project evaluation etc.


With the rapid globalization that is taking the world by storm, the role of a chartered accountant has become more and more important. Now-a-days businesses cannot run without the consultation and guidance of chartered accountants and the impact of having financial guidance can be felt in almost all the corners of the world. But just as the role of a chartered accountant in india is very much important so is the academic as well as the professional training that he undergoes has to be given a special importance and a thorough consideration. 


However, it is very important for a chartered accountant to go through an academic program of multi-faceted knowledge acquisition that is blended with schematic practical training. After completing the education and training, a chartered accountant is well orchestrated to discharge duties like accounting, taxation on foreign companies in India and auditing in a modern computerized business environment


Charted accountants are the most demanded professionals in any industry because:-. 


  • - they can handle some specialized areas like corporate accounting, taxation, finance, corporate laws and auditing.
  • - they are experts in dealing with situations and areas which involve procedures of income tax, service tax, and indirect taxes
  • - they can make a great career as management consultants as they are highly technically equipped. 

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