comparison between DOS (COMMAND.COM and MS/Windows NT CMD.EXE shell commands) and the equivalent Linux/Unix or Bash shell commands

Command Comparison:

DOS Command UNIX or Bash Command Action
DIR ls -l (or use ls -lF)(-a all files)
(df -k Space remaining on filesystem)
List directory contents
DIR *.* /o-d
DIR *.* /v /os
DIR /s
DIR /aa
ls -tr
ls -ls
ls -R
ls -a
List directory contents by reverse time of modification/creation.
List files and size
List directory/sub-directory contents recursively.
List hidden files.
TREE ls -R List directory recursivly
CD cd Change directory
MKDIR
MD
mkdir Make a new directory
ASSIGN ln Create a file or directory link
RMDIR
RD
rmdir Remove a directory
CHDIR pwd Display directory location
DEL
ERASE
rm -iv Remove a file
RMDIR /S (NT)
DELTREE (Win 95...)
rm -R Remove all directories and files below given directory
COPY cp -piv Copy a file
XCOPY cp -R Copy all file of directory recursivly
RENAME or MOVE mv -iv Rename/move a file
TYPE cat Dump contents of a file to users screen
MORE more Pipe output a single page at a time
HELP or COMMAND /? man Online manuals
CLS clear
ctrl-l
Clear screen
EXIT
EXIT0
exit
exit 0
Exit a shell
FIND
FINDSTR
grep Look for a word in files given in command line
COMP diff Compare two files and show differences. Also see comm, cmp, mgdiff and tkdiff.
FC diff Compare two files and show differences. Also see comm, cmp, mgdiff and tkdiff.
SET set and env List all environment variables
SET variable=value
echo %variable%
set

export variable=value
echo $variable

Set environment variables
Show environment variables
ECHO text echo text Echo text to screen
SET variable setenv (for C shell) or export VAR=val (for Korn shell. Also VAR=val) Set environment variables
PATH
PATH %PATH%;C:\DIR
echo $PATH
PATH=$PATH:/dir
Display search path for executables.
Set PATH environment variable.
PROMPT $p$g export PS1='\h(\u)\W> ' Set user command prompt.
DATE or TIME date Show date. (also set date - DOS only)
DOSKEY /h history List command history
DOSKEY NAME=command alias NAME=command Set command alias
BREAK ON trap Trap ctrl-break / Trap signals.
SORT sort Sort data alphabetically/numerically
EDLIN ed Line mode editor
EDIT filename.txt pico, gnp, vi, xedit, xemacs,dtpad Edit a file. The Linux editor which looks most like DOS edit is probably Pico. (Not a recomendation!)
BACKUP files A:\ tar -cvf /dev/fd0 files
mdir, mcopy
doswrite -a file (AIX only)
Save files to floppy.
See
Using DOS floppies
RESTORE A:\ files tar -xvf /dev/fd0 files
mdir, mcopy
dosread -a file (AIX only)
Read files from floppy.
See
Using DOS floppies
ATTRIB [+r|-r] [+a|-a] [+s|-s] [path\file] /s chmod Change file permissions. DOS: +:set to -:remove r:Read only a:Archive s:System /s:recursively
ATTRIB +h or -h mv file .file Change file to a hidden file - rename file with prefix "."
PRINT lpr Print a file
CALL
COMMAND /C (DOS), CMD (NT)
source script (cshrc)
. script (
bash)
sh script
Execute script from within batch shell.
MEM free
top
Show free memory on system
TASKLIST (WIN2K, XP) ps -aux
top
List executable name, process ID number and memory usage of active processes
MSD lsdev Show system info (Command borrowed from AIX)
SCANDISK
DEFRAG C:
fsck
debugfs
Check and repair hard drive file system
CHDISK du -s Disk usage.
FDISK fdisk Tool to partition a hard drive.
SUBST V: C:\directory\path mount Mount a drive letter to a folder/directory on your hard drive.
FORMAT mke2fs
See:
fdformat and mformat for floppies
Format drive file system.
For floppy drive use see
YoLinux Tutorial Using DOS Floppies with Linux
VER uname -a
echo $SHELL
cat /etc/issue
Operating system/shell version
pkzip tar and zip Compress and uncompress files/directories. Use tar to create compilation of a directory before compressing. Linux also has compress, gzip
HOSTNAME hostname Print host name of computer
PING ping Send packets to a network host
TRACERT traceroute Show routes and router hops to given network destination.
IPCONFIG (NT)
WINIPCFG (Win 95...)
ifconfig Display/configure network interface
NBTSTAT (Netbios info: -n, -c)
NBTSTAT -A IP-address
nslookup host-name
host host-name
Print DNS info for host.
NBTSTAT -a hostname nmblookup -A hostname lookup NetBIOS names.
ROUTE PRINT route -n Print routing table.
NET HELP START chkconfig --list |grep on List services.
NET STARTservice-name
NET STOPservice-name
service service-name start
service service-name stop
Start/stop service/daemon.
NET SHARES df Show mounted shares/filesystems.
NET SEND <node-name> <message> (NT) smbclient -M MS-Windows-host-name
talk
Send pop-up to a MS/Windows PC
Send message to another Unix/Linux user. See
YoLinux tutorial
WIN startx Start X-Windows.
REBOOT shutdown -r now Reboot system.
To find out how to do something on UNIX simply type "man -k subject_matter". This will do a key word search for all commands dealing with the subject matter. Then use the appropriate command. Online manuals are available on all the commands by typing "man command_name".

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